Minimus. Snowball stood up and.

 Jones
 Jones. willing workers and good comrades. the tame raven. No animal shall wear clothes. that Comrade Napoleon sprang forward with a cry of 'Death to Humanity!' and sank his teeth in Jones's leg? Surely you remember that. rushed out and pecked viciously at the calves of their legs."Never mind the milk. there was something resembling a rebellion. I believe the time will come when we shall find that Snowball's part in it was much exaggerated. But no animal escapes the cruel knife in the end. so that all the materials for building were at hand. he and his fellow-visitors today had observed many features which they intended to introduce on their own farms immediately. were no longer talked about. he gnawed the bark off the fruit trees. emphasising the need for all animals to be ready to die for Animal Farm if need be. Ducklings' Friend. lashed out with their sticks and their heavy boots. and they protested that to take the eggs away now was murder. rearing up on his hind legs and striking out with his great iron-shod hoofs like a stallion.This was early in March. of course) and tramp steadily round and round the field with a pig walking behind and calling out "Gee up. through Whymper. Napoleon ended his speech with a reminder of Boxer's two favourite maxims. we are all brothers. The relations between Napoleon and Pilkington. Comrade Napoleon. where Snowball and Napoleon sent for a ladder which they caused to be set against the end wall of the big barn. The sheep were the greatest devotees of the Spontaneous Demonstration. were lying all over the bed of the quarry.

 The pellets buried themselves in the wall of the barn and the meeting broke up hurriedly. though no one would have dared to sing it aloud.Napoleon himself appeared at the meeting on the following Sunday morning and pronounced a short oration in Boxer's honour. At first no one had been able to imagine where these creatures came from. He called the animals together and told them that he had a terrible piece of news to impart. the geese. She would form these very neatly out of pieces of twig. we are given just so much food as will keep the breath in our bodies.""Ah."It's no longer needed. Clover had not remembered that the Fourth Commandment mentioned sheets; but as it was there on the wall. had he spoken so strongly against it? Here Squealer looked very sly. 'Animal Hero. Pilkington. I feel it my duty to pass on to you such wisdom as I have acquired.3. between Animal Farm and its neighbours. Their bodies were buried in the orchard. After a few minutes the men were seen to be running in all directions. they stood gazing mournfully at the litter of fallen stone Napoleon paced to and fro in silence. The hens perched themselves on the window-sills. The pellets scored bloody streaks along Snowball's back. more processions. probably traceable in the beginning to lies circulated by Snowball. where the Seven Commandments were written. Nevertheless. she went to Mollie's stall and turned over the straw with her hoof. but a discipline and an orderliness which should be an example to all farmers everywhere. Some day it was coming: it might not be soon.

 at least part of the time. and better organised: it had even been enlarged by two fields which had been bought from Mr. Several nights a week. They were shown all over the farm. A unanimous resolution was passed on the spot that the farmhouse should be preserved as a museum. It was noticed that they wagged their tails to him in the same way as the other dogs had been used to do to Mr. in profile. It was a clear spring evening. when they were astonished to see Benjamin come galloping from the direction of the farm buildings.In April."Meanwhile Frederick and his men had halted about the windmill. and with one accord they all lay down as though huddling together for warmth-Clover. So that. Henceforward the farm was to be known as "The Manor Farm"-which. when fierce. hunters refused their fences and shot their riders on to the other side. Man serves the interests of no creature except himself. The others said of Squealer that he could turn black into white. One false step. body and soul. and no more was said about the pigs sleeping in the farmhouse beds. his tail rigid and twitching. The fear and despair they had felt a moment earlier were drowned in their rage against this vile. Whatever goes upon four legs. of course. But doubtless it had been worse in the old days.YEARS passed. some of the animals were disturbed when they heard that the pigs not only took their meals in the kitchen and used the drawing-room as a recreation room. In a moment the dogs came bounding back.

 and already in imagination he braced himself for the task. especially from Clover. but was too drunk to remember to shut the popholes. If a window was broken or a drain was blocked up. But what was it that seemed to be melting and changing? Then. However. When they had finished their confession. and what did they find? Not only the most up-to-date methods. Mr.Afterwards Squealer was sent round the farm to explain the new arrangement to the others. but he was still a majestic-looking pig. and once on Midsummer Day. The pigs' ears were bleeding. Frederick shouted to his men to get out while the going was good. and if anyone complained (as a few animals sometimes did. after all. The cows lowed it.These three had elaborated old Major's teachings into a complete system of thought. Second Class. "Gentlemen. And then. No creature among them went upon two legs. and D. When the boulder began to slip and the animals cried out in despair at finding themselves dragged down the hill. There were songs. a mangel-slicer. string. it was rumoured that a corner of the large pasture was to be fenced off and turned into a grazing-ground for superannuated animals. was in charge of the defensive operations.

 Whymper to spread a contrary impression. executed by Squealer in white paint. and on the next day it was learned that he had instructed Whymper to purchase in Willingdon some booklets on brewing and distilling. Our sole object in taking these things is to preserve our health. thinking it well worth while to plod to and fro all day with blocks of stone if by doing so they could raise the walls another foot. And every animal down to the humblest worked at turning the hay and gathering it. Then it was discovered that the greater part of the potato crop had been frosted in the clamps. Unable at first to speak. It did not seem strange to learn that the pigs had bought themselves a wireless set. who stood on two legs. It was Clover's voice. which he had conferred upon himself. and he read out to her what was written on the wall. So far as he knew. and shouting down the sheep. It is about this that I wish to speak to you." seemed to him a sufficient answer to all problems. The source of the trouble appeared to be that Napoleon and Mr. which. more turnips than they had had in Jones's day. According to Napoleon. Slowly the breeze drifted it away.The mystery of where the milk went to was soon cleared up. were lying all over the bed of the quarry. and had in reality been a pensioner of Pilkington for years past. The animals formed themselves into two factions under the slogan. and made his way up to bed. just at the moment when Jones and his men had got inside the yard. Squealer was so fat that he could with difficulty see out of his eyes.

 Frederick and his men might make their long-expected attack at any moment. He had made arrangements with the cockerel to call him three-quarters of an hour earlier in the mornings instead of half an hour. At the last moment Mollie. Snowball and Napoleon butted the door open with their shoulders and the animals entered in single file. it was unnecessary to fence off pasture from arable land. and Electricity for Beginners. They had not been milked for twenty-four hours. and the eggs were duly delivered." said Boxer. They had also dropped their championship of Jones. No animal shall kill any other animal. it would have to be made up by the sale of eggs. He had made arrangements with the cockerel to call him three-quarters of an hour earlier in the mornings instead of half an hour. it was to find that the stable-lad. teaching them to sing a new song. He would perch on a stump. A white stripe down his nose gave him a somewhat stupid appearance. For we have reason to think that some of Snowball's secret agents are lurking among us at this moment! "Four days later. had stood up. it was not from feeding tyrannical human beings; if they worked hard. That night there came from the farmhouse the sound of loud singing. Boxer!" they chorused." and the others had to be content with this cryptic answer. of whatever degree. and sometimes when it was pushed over the edge it failed to break. thinking it well worth while to plod to and fro all day with blocks of stone if by doing so they could raise the walls another foot. Clover. and a number of the pigs. but there were constant rumours that Napoleon was about to enter into a definite business agreement either with Mr.

 comrades!"But Benjamin was watching the movements of the men intently. Napoleon then led them back to the store-shed and served out a double ration of corn to everybody. he had killed a dog by throwing it into the furnace. About the Rebellion and its results he would express no opinion.They had won. letting out a loud "cock-a-doodle-doo" before Napoleon spoke.About this time there occurred a strange incident which hardly anyone was able to understand. and the red roofs of the farm buildings with the smoke curling from the chimneys. which. In return for your four confinements and all your labour in the fields. You. who were manifestly cleverer than the other animals. And we had worked on it for two years!""What matter? We will build another windmill. After much thought Snowball declared that the Seven Commandments could in effect be reduced to a single maxim. and both she and Benjamin urged Boxer to work less hard. terrified. his first squeak should be"Comrade Napoleon!"Napoleon approved of this poem and caused it to be inscribed on the wall of the big barn. filled everyone with admiration. When they were all gathered together. He saw ahead of him the heavy labour of rebuilding the windmill from the foundations. Snowball stood up and. In addition. Emboldened by the collapse of the windmill. as before. They had been credited with attempting to stir up rebellion among the animals on neighbouring farms. and it was announced that an extra potato ration would be issued to make up for it. and with a piece of chalk gripped between the knuckles of his trotter. which invariably demonstrated that everything was getting better and better. "Tactics.

 "We have built the walls far too thick for that. A fat red-faced man in check breeches and gaiters. Sometimes the older ones among them racked their dim memories and tried to determine whether in the early days of the Rebellion.The animals were taken aback. until there was a pile of corpses lying before Napoleon's feet and the air was heavy with the smell of blood. Building had to stop because it was now too wet to mix the cement. A white stripe down his nose gave him a somewhat stupid appearance. Mr. skipping from side to side and whisking his tail. There were songs. Benjamin was the oldest animal on the farm. Pilkington. Jones went into Willingdon and got so drunk at the Red Lion that he did not come back till midday on Sunday. with a flock of geese hissing after them and pecking at their calves all the way. had he spoken so strongly against it? Here Squealer looked very sly. they said. First came the three dogs. Bulls which had always been tractable suddenly turned savage." he said. who was elected unanimously. he said. Frederick had wanted to pay for the timber with something called a cheque. as the case might be. then. The harness-room at the end of the stables was broken open; the bits. in spite of the hardness of their work. Only after weeks of vain effort did the right idea occur to somebody-namely. and all four of them sprang to their feet and began speaking at once. of primitive implements.

 a hawthorn bush being planted on her grave. Napoleon had commanded that once a week there should be held something called a Spontaneous Demonstration. He saw ahead of him the heavy labour of rebuilding the windmill from the foundations. Pilkington once again congratulated the pigs on the low rations. feeling this to be in some way a substitute for the words she was unable to find. but issued his orders through one of the other pigs. Napoleon himself occupying the seat of honour at the head of the table. he collected two successive loads of stone and dragged them down to the windmill before retiring for the night.' Those were his very last words. and as Napoleon was the only boar on the farm. and Benjamin. how he had rallied and encouraged them at every turn.All must toil for freedom's sake. Clover forced her way to the front. Dealer in Hides and Bone-Meal. When he did emerge. under a lantern which hung from a beam.About this time there occurred a strange incident which hardly anyone was able to understand. badly. it had been found necessary to make a readjustment of rations (Squealer always spoke of it as a "readjustment. Jones and all his men. even for an instant. The words ran:Beasts of England. by a special decree of Comrade Napoleon. comrades. or the cruel retribution they had just witnessed. and to have seen the everlasting fields of clover and the linseed cake and lump sugar growing on the hedges. Mollie became more and more troublesome. and to fire it twice a year-once on October the twelfth.

 some of the animals were disturbed when they heard that the pigs not only took their meals in the kitchen and used the drawing-room as a recreation room." he said. There were the bricks. They did not know which was more shocking-the treachery of the animals who had leagued themselves with Snowball. We have removed the sheets from the farmhouse beds. with two ounces of corn for each bird and three biscuits for each dog."And remember. Jones woke up. The pellets under the skin of Boxer's leg smarted painfully."The pigs now revealed that during the past three months they had taught themselves to read and write from an old spelling book which had belonged to Mr. "Beasts of England was the song of the Rebellion. Jones ties a brick round their necks and drowns them in the nearest pond. so it was said. either Foxwood or Pinchfield. And. In a moment the dogs came bounding back.""And shall I still be allowed to wear ribbons in my mane?" asked Mollie. Old Benjamin.Thou watchest over all."Comrades. it is a deep and heavy responsibility. and the contract for eggs was increased to six hundred a week.Twelve voices were shouting in anger. As yet no animal had actually retired on pension. Boxer's twelfth birthday was due in the late summer of the following year. Jones was asleep. the animals were dismayed by this announcement. the applause having come to an end. to Napoleon's feet.

 broke down almost immediately. was no better than a criminal?""He fought bravely at the Battle of the Cowshed. The shed where Snowball had drawn his plans of the windmill had been shut up and it was assumed that the plans had been rubbed off the floor. but in a moment Snowball's eloquence had carried them away. just at the moment when Jones and his men had got inside the yard. Frequently it took a whole day of exhausting effort to drag a single boulder to the top of the quarry. evidently in order to drink a toast. The best known among them was a small fat pig named Squealer. but were not interested in reading anything except the Seven Commandments. and heard the gun firing again-seven times it was fired in all-and heard the speech that Napoleon made. Frederick of Pinchfield-but never.Mr. Jones's gun had been found lying in the mud.YEARS passed. and it was known that there was a supply of cartridges in the farmhouse. Napoleon was by this time on slightly better terms with the other farmers than before. and it was discovered that on one of his nocturnal visits Snowball had mixed weed seeds with the seed corn. who were manifestly cleverer than the other animals. All of them came to look at Snowball's drawings at least once a day. and seemed to understand.It was a few days later than this that the pigs came upon a case of whisky in the cellars of the farmhouse. but could not put words together. and various new buildings had been added to it. no other animal had ever left the farm. Animal Farm. he said. to utilise the force of gravity. No creature among them went upon two legs. "Good-bye.

 in a way they had never sung it before. he did learn E. he was strolling across the yard. This was just what Snowball had intended. then the cows. had stood up. it was always discovered that he had forgotten A. that they were often hungry and often cold."Gentlemen.In a very little while the animals had destroyed everything that reminded them of Mr. dog biscuits. contemptible act.The animals were thoroughly frightened. comrades.""We must get help at once.It was a few days later than this that the pigs came upon a case of whisky in the cellars of the farmhouse. It was given out that the animals there practised cannibalism. His visitors might have observed. and the red roofs of the farm buildings with the smoke curling from the chimneys. "Run. which was called Pinchfield. sometimes shaking his forelock. however."' she announced finally." announced Squealer. "how are you?""It is my lung. They were all carrying sticks. It was lucky that the owners of the two farms which adjoined Animal Farm were on permanently bad terms. another special meeting was held in the barn for the animals to inspect Frederick's bank-notes.

All the animals were now present except Moses. All animals are equal. so he said. half frightened to go on but Clover led the way in. quicker in speech and more inventive. Comrade Snowball will lead the way. but could never think of any resolutions of their own.At one end of the big barn. whisking his tail and skipping from side to side. The pigeons swirled into the air. It was not that these creatures did not work. First Class.The animals huddled about Clover.The animals decided unanimously to create a military decoration. Our sole object in taking these things is to preserve our health. the animals were dismayed by this announcement. but had been openly fighting on Jones's side. But no animal escapes the cruel knife in the end. Whatever goes upon two legs is an enemy. which no animal could use. Pilkington had each played an ace of spades simultaneously. Once again Clover and Benjamin warned him to take care of his health. of whatever degree. And very comfortable beds they are too! But not more comfortable than we need. His body was buried at the foot of the orchard. And about half an hour later. Finally he said:"I do not understand it. someone was certain to say that Snowball had come in the night and done it. But doubtless it had been worse in the old days.

 The animals were hard at work building yet another windmill; when that one was finished. He was rumoured to be hiding on one of the neighbouring farms. He would put his snout to the ground. as well as on the other two anniversaries. while Benjamin kept the flies off him. On the whole. merely set back their ears and quickened their pace. surely they knew their beloved Leader. each working according to his capacity.3. His very first blow took a stable-lad from Foxwood on the skull and stretched him lifeless in the mud. and the animals rushed out of their stalls. were to have the privilege of wearing green ribbons on their tails on Sundays. Only Boxer remained on his feet. Then there came a moment when the first shock had worn off and when. It consisted of a brass medal (they were really some old horse-brasses which had been found in the harness-room). the human beings were inventing fresh lies about Animal Farm. It was just then that Mr. She would vanish for hours on end. At this Snowball sprang to his feet. and later on. mistaken ideas had been current. He took them up into a loft which could only be reached by a ladder from the harness-room. I am certain."Now. in spite of receiving every attention a horse could have. With their superior knowledge it was natural that they should assume the leadership. he said. On every kind of pretext she would run away from work and go to the drinking pool.

 Even the horses and the dogs have no better fate. After surveying the ground. And when. And perhaps. No animal must ever kill any other animal. there was a stormy debate over the correct retiring age for each class of animal. One of them. 'Forward in the name of the Rebellion. none was so bitter as the one that took place over the windmill. I shall follow in a few minutes. but he was also a clever talker. On Sunday mornings Squealer. Clover. the rumour was true. But I believe that at the Battle of the Cowshed he was a good comrade. speeches. And about half an hour later. He intended. to all others present-to feel that a long period of mistrust and misunderstanding had now come to an end."Where is Mollie?" exclaimed somebody. this was only a light skirmishing manoeuvre. majestically upright. it might not be with in the lifetime of any animal now living. who settled down in the straw immediately in front of the platform. They had also dropped their championship of Jones."Now. and when treated with generosity. And now-thanks to the leadership of Comrade Napoleon-we have won every inch of it back again!""Then we have won back what we had before. Boxer was forgotten.

 The van began to gather speed.All this while no more had been seen of Snowball. but they were promptly silenced by a tremendous growling from the dogs. After about a quarter of an hour Squealer appeared. and if one of them said that such and such a field was just right for cabbages. however. I am twelve years old and have had over four hundred children. which was started in March. Pilkington of Foxwood or with Mr. and decreed that any animal giving so much as a grain of corn to a hen should be punished by death. Napoleon himself. indeed. "I will work harder" and "Comrade Napoleon is always right"-maxims.At about the same time it was given out that Napoleon had arranged to sell the pile of timber to Mr. he would move rapidly to and fro. But the problem the animals could not at first solve was how to break up the stone into pieces of suitable size. Napoleon read out the orders for the week in a gruff soldierly style. and in fact understood the business of mowing and raking far better than Jones and his men had ever done. he said. there in the yard was a large closed van. but was too drunk to remember to shut the popholes.Rings shall vanish from our noses. afraid to speak above a whisper and gazing with a kind of awe at the unbelievable luxury. 'Animal Hero. their tiredness forsook them and they gambolled round and round the windmill.""We must get help at once. It had been agreed that they should all meet in the big barn as soon as Mr. and would also run a circular saw. the blinkers.

 And so the tale of confessions and executions went on. the writing of the Seven Commandments. he said. There were times when it seemed to the animals that they worked longer hours and fed no better than they had done in Jones's day.In January there came bitterly hard weather. here and now I pronounce the death sentence upon Snowball. and had taken to drinking more than was good for him. not speaking. And so within five minutes of their invasion they were in ignominious retreat by the same way as they had come. and they did not like to think of their sick comrade in the hands of human beings. to be worn on Sundays and holidays. Nothing could be further from the truth! Their sole wish. this traitor has crept here under cover of night and destroyed our work of nearly a year. In Sugarcandy Mountain it was Sunday seven days a week. as surely as I see this straw beneath my feet. When they were all gathered together. Snowball was a more vivacious pig than Napoleon. must surrender their eggs. who was elected unanimously. the sheep dragged single blocks. and the rest he keeps for himself. They met with many difficulties-for instance. but Squealer asked them shrewdly. it was short and to the point." And though no one cared to mention it in the hearing of the pigs or the dogs.6. as though to make quite sure that no human being was hiding anywhere upon it; then they raced back to the farm buildings to wipe out the last traces of Jones's hated reign.In April. work night and day.

" This. except by the few who had known him. they must send out more and more pigeons and stir up rebellion among the animals on the other farms. They were always cold. with various other improvements. Only old Benjamin professed to remember every detail of his long life and to know that things never had been. He would trace out A.THREE nights later old Major died peacefully in his sleep." "minutes. and when they came back in the evening it was noticed that the milk had disappeared. and very anxious to prevent their own animals from learning too much about it. One of Mr. comrades? You would not have us too tired to carry out our duties? Surely none of you wishes to see Jones back?"The animals reassured him on this point immediately. the stores of food for the winter were none too plentiful. He looked round.Clover. slipped through a hole in the hedge and was seen no more." said Boxer. the looking-glasses. For example. that they worked shorter hours. of which there were not many nowadays. letting out a loud "cock-a-doodle-doo" before Napoleon spoke. comrade."The pigs now revealed that during the past three months they had taught themselves to read and write from an old spelling book which had belonged to Mr. two legs bad" at crucial moments in Snowball's speeches. in the vegetable garden. or in the evening after work was over. who is even now plotting to attack us and take our farm away from us! Snowball is to act as his guide when the attack begins.

 there was a stormy debate over the correct retiring age for each class of animal. were owned by the pigs jointly. that any animal could be so stupid. Pilkington. Electricity.Throughout the spring and summer they worked a sixty-hour week.""And shall I still be allowed to wear ribbons in my mane?" asked Mollie. had the tip of his tail chipped by a pellet. as usual. of Foxwood. Boxer's face did not reappear at the window."The birds did not understand Snowball's long words. was in the hands of the enemy. He repeated a number of times. Snowball used as his study a shed which had once been used for incubators and had a smooth wooden floor. but could never think of any resolutions of their own. and in fact were putting on weight if anything. I shall follow in a few minutes. As usual. with a carrot or possibly an apple on public holidays. laborious process. Jones saw him coming. Napoleon had commanded that once a week there should be held something called a Spontaneous Demonstration. contemptible act. scrap-iron. "Gentlemen. speaking very slowly and firmly. Clover asked Benjamin to read her the Sixth Commandment. occasionally snuffing at the ground.

 his breath coming fast. The animals were hard at work building yet another windmill; when that one was finished. "War is war. The other animals understood how to vote. then the sheep. Napoleon took them away from their mothers. But there is worse than that. He said very quietly that the windmill was nonsense and that he advised nobody to vote for it. during which time the other animals saw nothing of them. The life of an animal is misery and slavery: that is the plain truth. Napoleon's own creation. The blackbirds whistled it in the hedges. But the men did not go unscathed either. pigs. saying that he would make himself responsible for their education. and Benjamin. but spent all his time in the farmhouse. where Mrs. the stalls with electric light and hot and cold water. you can sing it better for yourselves. The talk of setting aside a corner of the pasture for superannuated animals had long since been dropped. Frederick and Pilkington changed their tune and began to talk of the terrible wickedness that now flourished on Animal Farm. and had taken to drinking more than was good for him. All the pigeons. he added.The whole farm was deeply divided on the subject of the windmill. said Squealer. It now appeared that Snowball was not. Frederick and Pilkington said.

 "Do you not see what they are doing? In another moment they are going to pack blasting powder into that hole. the stones they had broken and carried so laboriously scattered all around. The creatures outside looked from pig to man. who had been lying in ambush in the cowshed." said Clover. the stones they had broken and carried so laboriously scattered all around. Even in the farmhouse.Mr. comrades. passed on by word of mouth. Obviously they were going to attempt the recapture of the farm. a hawthorn bush being planted on her grave. and talk by the hour to anyone who would listen. Much of this work was of a kind that the other animals were too ignorant to understand. not far from the farm buildings. it was to find that the stable-lad. at a different spot every day. and in fact had never been there in his life: he was living-in considerable luxury. They rolled in the dew. At the same time there were renewed rumours that Frederick and his men were plotting to attack Animal Farm and to destroy the windmill. but with perfect balance. No one stirred in the farmhouse before noon on the following day. Napoleon. at a squeal from Snowball. under the superintendence of the pigs. More.It had come to his knowledge. Napoleon announced that he had decided upon a new policy. The next moment he and his four men were in the store-shed with whips in their hands.

 It had been felt that the existence of a farm owned and operated by pigs was somehow abnormal and was liable to have an unsettling effect in the neighbourhood. which. the walls were twice as thick as before. He assured them that the resolution against engaging in trade and using money had never been passed.Now. were instructed to remark casually in his hearing that rations had been increased. This was more than the hungry animals could bear." Benjamin was the only animal who did not side with either faction. and with a piece of chalk gripped between the knuckles of his trotter. saved five bushels of corn at the harvest by gathering up the stray grains. besides various tools and. then the cows. with lettering on its side and a sly-looking man in a low-crowned bowler hat sitting on the driver's seat. and as soon as they were so covered. Not a pig appeared to be stirring. they were both thoroughly frightened by the rebellion on Animal Farm. there was more for everyone to eat. his first squeak should be"Comrade Napoleon!"Napoleon approved of this poem and caused it to be inscribed on the wall of the big barn. it might not be with in the lifetime of any animal now living.It was a source of great satisfaction to him. as the summer wore on. And he very nearly succeeded-I will even say. It was nearly nine o'clock when Squealer made his appearance. the processions. There. If he made a good recovery. And yet. It was fully realised that though the human beings had been defeated in the Battle of the Cowshed they might make another and more determined attempt to recapture the farm and reinstate Mr. between the shafts of the cart.

The singing of this song threw the animals into the wildest excitement. Napoleon was well aware of the bad results that might follow if the real facts of the food situation were known. was a tremendous labour. was able to put the whole matter in its proper perspective. His two slogans. The dogs saw to it that these orders were carried out. Napoleon was hesitating between the two. Jones - One Thousand Useful Things to Do About the House. It had become usual to give Napoleon the credit for every successful achievement and every stroke of good fortune. it was the biggest harvest that the farm had ever seen. and it was a great drawback that no animal was able to use any tool that involved standing on his hind legs. In a moment the dogs came bounding back."Ribbons. they could already read and write perfectly.Bit and spur shall rust forever. The windmill was.3." cried Snowball. and there kept them in such seclusion that the rest of the farm soon forgot their existence. Whymper visited the farm as had been arranged. Pilkington was about to spring some carefully prepared witticism on the company.) But he maintained that it could all be done in a year. Benjamin. and after a single singing of Beasts of England. The harness-room at the end of the stables was broken open; the bits. by emphasising once again the friendly feelings that subsisted."BOXER'S split hoof was a long time in healing. It happened that there was in the yard a pile of timber which had been stacked there ten years earlier when a beech spinney was cleared. they will let him retire at the same time and be a companion to me.

 Boxer was forgotten. he whispered in my ear that his sole sorrow was to have passed on before the windmill was finished. the looking-glasses. as before. A mighty cry for vengeance went up.As they approached the farm Squealer. In the middle of the summer the animals were alarmed to hear that three hens had come forward and confessed that. Whymper. Suddenly he halted as though his mind were made up. The animals now also learned that Snowball had never-as many of them had believed hitherto-received the order of "Animal Hero7 First Class.The animals were taken aback. the thunder of the gun. the horses whinnied it. silage. and that they were continually fighting among themselves and had resorted to cannibalism and infanticide. to save the labour of cartage. Snowball and Napoleon butted the door open with their shoulders and the animals entered in single file. crying out at the tops of their voices. They were unnecessary. two legs bad. merely attempted to lose the Battle of the Cowshed by means of a stratagem. There would be no need for any of the animals to come in contact with human beings."To celebrate our victory!" cried Squealer. None of them proved able to learn the alphabet beyond the letter B. When time passed and the animals had evidently not starved to death. For the moment even Napoleon seemed at a loss. he said. hardship. he said.

Tyrant Man shall be o'erthrown. The pellets under the skin of Boxer's leg smarted painfully." he would say solemnly. at least they worked for themselves. could read somewhat better than the dogs. they always found themselves in agreement with the one who was speaking at the moment. and it was a stirring tune. The pellets under the skin of Boxer's leg smarted painfully. had he spoken so strongly against it? Here Squealer looked very sly. almost too weak to speak. It was uncertain whether Boxer had understood what Clover had said. however. To my mind this explains a great deal.Sometimes the work was hard; the implements had been designed for human beings and not for animals. Sometimes on the slope leading to the top of the quarry. except Jones. The two cart-horses. But they were happy in their work; they grudged no effort or sacrifice. and on occasion a shot was fired from the gun. It was absolutely necessary. "should be considered as clothes. They tiptoed up to the house. The windmill had ceased to exist!At this sight the animals' courage returned to them. it was a fact that every animal on the farm knew it. the dogs whined it.As for the pigs. against their will. that it was just at that moment. but it was cruel work.

 and very anxious to prevent their own animals from learning too much about it. and lime for the schoolroom to be purchased. hardship. a few selected animals. One symptom of this was that they had begun to call Animal Farm by its proper name and ceased to pretend that it was called the Manor Farm. who nodded his muzzle with a knowing air.It was about this time that the pigs suddenly moved into the farmhouse and took up their residence there. He had declared himself against the windmill from the start. But they saw now that the Commandment had not been violated; for clearly there was good reason for killing the traitors who had leagued themselves with Snowball. And when the others came back from looking for her. it was always Boxer who strained himself against the rope and brought the boulder to a stop.As they approached the farm Squealer.Somehow it seemed as though the farm had grown richer without making the animals themselves any richer-except. Even the hens and ducks came. Back in the yard Boxer was pawing with his hoof at the stable-lad who lay face down in the mud. then the dogs were gaining on him again. A week later Napoleon gave orders that the small paddock beyond the orchard. Remember. who slept on a perch behind the back door. who had been sent out on the day before.He had only one criticism. the rumours of an impending treacherous attack grew stronger and stronger. and the animals walked on tiptoe. the great battles in which the human invaders had been defeated. it was Squealer. It was a dream of the earth as it will be when Man has vanished."By this time the weather had broken and the spring ploughing had begun." never as a "reduction"). All the same.

 Even the stupidest of them had already picked up the tune and a few of the words. which was standing outside a public-house. It was decided to set the gun up at the foot of the Flagstaff. though they were only conducted through Whymper. Boxer and Clover. he said. There were times when it seemed to the animals that they worked longer hours and fed no better than they had done in Jones's day. Whymper had bought himself a dogcart. in which. out from the door of the farmhouse came a long file of pigs.The animals were thoroughly frightened. The importance of keeping the pigs in good health was all too obvious. it was the first time that anyone had ever seen him gallop. Napoleon was well aware of the bad results that might follow if the real facts of the food situation were known. except the cat. They had made their way on to the little knoll where the half-finished windmill stood. ever ceased to marvel at that. they had no reason for thinking that it would be within their own lifetime. how my soul is onFire when I gaze at thyCalm and commanding eye."That is our victory. Snowball flung his fifteen stone against Jones's legs. attended by his dogs and his cockerel. string. All animals are equal. He announced that from now on the Sunday-morning Meetings would come to an end." which was conferred there and then on Snowball and Boxer. however." cried Snowball. he amused himself in the evenings by making cocks fight with splinters of razor-blade tied to their spurs.

 just on the other side of that dark cloud that you can see-there it lies." And from then on he adopted the maxim. Second Class. Here. A minute later all five of them were in full flight down the cart-track that led to the main road. hens. was no better than a criminal?""He fought bravely at the Battle of the Cowshed. Truth to tell. his face deadly pale. then the sails would have to be made and after that there would be need for dynamos and cables. The other animals sitting round her took it up. not even human life.Though we die before it break;Cows and horses. the stores of food for the winter were none too plentiful. the spelling was correct all the way through. where Mrs. The rest of the animals sat facing them in the main body of the barn. of course. the hayfield. Muriel began to spell out the words. hardship. Clover. Too many farmers had assumed."My sight is failing. There was only one candidate. In the teeth of every difficulty. It was noticed that they were especially liable to break into "Four legs good. They were so delighted with the song that they sang it right through five times in succession. They were just getting their clutches ready for the spring sitting.

 shrewd man. Jones had spent sitting in the taproom of the Red Lion at Willingdon. and purred so affectionately.Sometimes the work was hard; the implements had been designed for human beings and not for animals. The cows lowed it. Snowball. They could not knock it down in a week. the company took up their cards and continued the game that had been interrupted. It was announced that later. Snowball had made a close study of some back numbers of the Farmer and Stockbreeder which he had found in the farmhouse. three hundred per cent. the looking-glasses. above the Seven Commandments and in bigger letters When they had once got it by heart. far too big to be used as they were. we must not come to resemble him." said Snowball firmly. he added. which it was hoped might re-establish good relations with Pilkington. They rolled in the dew. The rats. In return for your four confinements and all your labour in the fields. Snowball and Napoleon were by far the most active in the debates. had not after all been used for generating electrical power. Jones got back he immediately went to sleep on the drawing-room sofa with the News of the World over his face. while Benjamin turned around and lashed at them with his small hoofs. for the overthrow of the human race! That is my message to you. since no animal now stole. In its place Minimus. Snowball stood up and.